If you are a dog owner who lives in a cold region, you need to know how to keep your pet safe and cozy during wintertime. Just like humans, dogs are subject to the hazards of the cold. Conditions such as frostbite or hypothermia may occur due to exposure. Even when exposed to moderately cold temperatures, your dog may experience discomfort in joints, especially if your senior dog has arthritis. 

Keep Fido happy and healthy this winter by following a few sensible tips.

During the cold weather, consider limiting your pet's time outside. When you take your dog out for their daily walk or to relieve themselves, pay attention to the weather. If you feel cold and uncomfortable, chances are your dog is too. Try to limit your time outdoors to 10 minutes in cold weather.

Keeping a coat or sweater on your dog when going out in the cold is very important. This tip is even more crucial for a short-haired breed and for senior dogs. If your dog has fairly thick fur, you might forgo the sweater, however.

To obtain a well-fitting coat or sweater for your dog, take measurements from the shoulder to the base of the tail. You may want to try the coat on at the store before making your purchase. Also, consider the material. If you live in a snowy area, choose a coat that is well insulated and waterproof.

During the winter, avoid allowing your pet outside before sunup or later in the evening. At these times, the air is likely to be colder outside. When you do walk your dog, do so in the afternoon when temps are more moderate and the sun is shining. Also, keep your pet moving by playing ball or fetch.

Obviously, if your dog is shivering, that’s a sign you need to bring your pet inside where it's warm and dry. Also, if your dog's ears feel cold, this is another sign that their body temperature has dropped below the normal range. Is your dog showing signs of slowing down or becoming less alert? These behaviors could also be danger signs.

If your pet shows any of the above signs, the cold may be having a negative effect. When in doubt, play it safe and bring your dog inside. If your pet still appears to be cold once indoors, wrap them in a warm blanket or towel for a while.

Just as humans often experience cold-weather skin problems, your dog may also be at risk. Some dogs experience dry, itchy, or flaky skin during the winter. This problem occurs not only from exposure to the cold but also from the effects of central heating.

You might want to ask your veterinarian about supplements your dog may take to keep their coat and skin moist and prevent overdrying. Your vet may recommend fish oil or flaxseed oil supplements. In addition, consider applying coconut oil onto your dog’s dry patches. However, don't give your pet supplements without consulting with your vet first.